Peru's space activities, including that of a civil nature, are overseen by the Ministry of Defense. The National Commission for Aerospace Research and Development (CONIDA) is the primary governing body of space activities in Peru, serving as the headquarters of the Peruvian Space Agency, overseen by the Ministry of Defense.

CONIDA promotes, researches, develops and disseminates space science and technology for national development and security. There are various departments under CONIDA, including the National Satellite Image Operations Center which was established for, among other reasons, national defense and security.

Internationally, Peru is a member of the Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency and a State Party to all five international space treaties.

Key contemporary Peruvian positions on space security include its political commitment not to conduct destructive, direct-ascent anti-satellite (ASAT) missile testing.